Genetic diversity among populations of Antarctic springtails

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TitleGenetic diversity among populations of Antarctic springtails (Collembola) within the Mackay Glacier ecotoneAbstractClimate changes are likely to have major influences on the distribution and abundance of Antarctic terrestrial biota. To assess arthropod distribution and diversity within the Ross Sea region, we examined mitochondrial DNA (COI) sequences for three currently recognized species of springtail (Collembola) collected from sites in the vicinity, and to the north of, the Mackay Glacier (77 deg S). This area acts as a transition between two biogeographic regions (northern and southern Victoria Land). We found populations of highly divergent individuals (5-11.3 percent intraspecific sequence divergence) for each of the three putative springtail species, suggesting the possibility of cryptic diversity. Based on molecular clock estimates, these divergent lineages are likely to have been isolated for 3-5 million years. It was during this time that the Western Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) was likely to have completely collapsed, potentially facilitating springtail dispersal via rafting on running waters and open seaways. The reformation of the WAIS would have isolated newly established populations, with subsequent dispersal restricted by glaciers and ice-covered areas. Given the currently limited distributions for these genetically divergent populations, any future changes in species Ìdistributions can be easily tracked through the DNA barcoding of springtails from within the Mackay Glacier ecotone. Copyright 2016 Published by NRC Research Press.AcknowledgementsWe are grateful to P. Convey and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful and constructive comments on the manuscript. We are grateful to Matt Knox for assistance with AM OVA analyses. I.D.H. acknowledges Antarctica New Zealand for logistic support and the New Zealand Antarctic Research Institute (NZARI) for financial support. C.R.B. was the recipient of a New Zealand Post Antarctic Scholarship, a University of Waikato Environmental Research Institute Scholarship, and a Waikato Graduate Women Educational Trust Scholarship. Sequencing at the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, University of Guelph, was supported through funding to the International Barcode of Life Project (iBOL) from the Ontario Genomics Institute (2008-OGI-ICI-03), Genome Canada, the Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. B.J.A. and D.H.W. were supported by McMurdo LTER NSF OPP grant 1115245. D.A.C. gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the South African NRF SANAP program.

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1st AuthorBeet, C.AuthorBeet, C.Hogg, I.Collins, G.Cowan, D.Wall, D.Adams, B.Year2016JournalGenomeVolume59Number9Pages762-770DOI10.1139/gen-2015-0194URLhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/recor.....0070c975b59f4dfc41b368aabKeywordscytochrome c oxidasemitochondrial DNA, animalAntarcticaarthropodclassificationgenetic variationgeneticshaplotypemolecular evolutionphylogenypopulation genetics, AnimalsAntarctic RegionsArthropodsDNA, MitochondrialElectron Transport Complex IVEvolution, MolecularGenetic VariationGenetics, PopulationHaplotypesPhylogeny, rank5Author KeywordsAntarcticinella monoculataBiomonitoringClimate changeCryptopygus nivicolusGomphiocephalus hodgsoni

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TypeArticleCitationBeet, C., Hogg, I., Collins, G., Cowan, D., Wall, D. and Adams, B. (2016). Genetic diversity among populations of Antarctic springtails (Collembola) within the Mackay Glacier ecotone. Genome, 59(9): 762-770 IdentifierBeet2016Relevancerank5

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Hogg, I.