Ocean acidification has little effect on developmental therm

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TitleOcean acidification has little effect on developmental thermal windows of echinoderms from Antarctica to the tropicsAbstractAs the ocean warms, thermal tolerance of developmental stages may be a key driver of changes in the geographical distributions and abundance of marine invertebrates. Additional stressors such as ocean acidification may influence developmental thermal windows and are therefore important considerations for predicting distributions of species under climate change scenarios. The effects of reduced seawater pH on the thermal windows of fertilization, embryology and larval morphology were examined using five echinoderm species: two polar (Sterechinus neumayeri and Odontaster validus), two temperate (Fellaster zelandiae and Patiriella regularis) and one tropical (Arachnoides placenta). Responses were examined across 12--13 temperatures ranging from -1.1 deg C to 5.7 deg C (S. neumayeri), -0.5 deg C to 10.7 deg C (O. validus), 5.8 deg C to 27 deg C (F. zelandiae), 6.0 deg C to 27.1 deg C (P. regularis) and 13.9 deg C to 34.8 deg C (A. placenta) under present-day and near-future (2100+) ocean acidification conditions (-0.3 pH units) and for three important early developmental stages 1) fertilization, 2) embryo (prehatching) and 3) larval development. Thermal windows for fertilization were broad and were not influenced by a pH decrease. Embryological development was less thermotolerant. For O. validus, P. regularis and A. placenta, low pH reduced normal development, albeit with no effect on thermal windows. Larval development in all five species was affected by both temperature and pH; however, thermal tolerance was not reduced by pH. Results of this study suggest that in terms of fertilization and development, temperature will remain as the most important factor influencing species Ìlatitudinal distributions as the ocean continues to warm and decrease in pH, and that there is little evidence of a synergistic effect of temperature and ocean acidification on the thermal control of species ranges. Copyright 2016 John Wiley and Sons LtdAcknowledgementsThis research was supported by New Zealand Antarctic Institute Grant (MDL) and to PhD scholarship from the University of Sydney (SF). Thanks to Antarctica New Zealand and the Australian Institute of Marine Science for logistical support and to Professor Steve Wing (University of Otago) and Mr Rob Robbins (USAP) for collection of Sterechinus neumayeri and Odontaster validus specimens. We also thank Dr. Kim Currie and Kate Sparks (University of Otago) for assisting in water sample analysis.Funding DetailsUniversity of Sydney

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1st AuthorKarelitz, S.AuthorKarelitz, S.Uthicke, S.Foo, S.Barker, M.Byrne, M.Pecorino, D.Lamare, M.Year2017JournalGlobal Change BiologyVolume23Number2Pages657-672DOI10.1111/gcb.13452URLhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/recor.....06010627d9340741cfd5d047cKeywordsrank5

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TypeArticleCitationKarelitz, S., Uthicke, S., Foo, S., Barker, M., Byrne, M., Pecorino, D. and Lamare, M. (2017). Ocean acidification has little effect on developmental thermal windows of echinoderms from Antarctica to the tropics. Global Change Biology, 23(2): 657-672 IdentifierKarelitz2017Relevancerank5Antarctica NZ supported?YesNZARI?Yes

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Lamare, M.