Phylogenetic analyses of bacteria in sea ice at Cape Hallett

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TitlePhylogenetic analyses of bacteria in sea ice at Cape Hallett, AntarcticaAbstractEvery year, an area of sea ice forms around the continent of Antarctica that is inhabited by communities of microbes. Although the microbial component of this habitat has been postulated to play an ecologically important role in the Southern Ocean, our understanding of the diversity of Antarctic sea-ice bacteria is limited. The aim of this study was to identify bacterial components present in sea ice at Cape Hallett. Total community DNA was isolated from sea-ice cores and the 16S ribosomal RNA genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a range of universal and targeted primer sets. PCR products were de-replicated using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and distinct RFLP types were sequenced. The major bacterial classes identified consisted of -proteobacteria, -proteobacteria, Cytophaga- Flavobacteria-Bacteroides group and a small number of Gram-positive species. Our findings indicate that the bacterial component of sea ice at Cape Hallett is primarily heterotrophic. Cyanobacteria and Archaea were not detected using the methods and primer sets employed in this study. However, bacteria whose 16S rDNA sequences cluster with species that encode phototrophic genes were detected in our sea-ice samples. This raised the possibility that bacterial phototrophy may occur in Antarctic sea ice. ©2012 Copyright The Royal Society of New Zealand.AcknowledgementsWe gratefully acknowledge the support of Antarctica New Zealand, the Foundation for Research, Science and Technology contracts VICX0219 and VICX0706, and the University Research Fund, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand.

Details

1st AuthorMaas, E.AuthorMaas, E.Simpson, A.Martin, A.Thompson, S.Koh, E.Davy, S.Ryan, K.O'Toole, R.Year2012JournalNew Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater ResearchVolume46Number1Pages3/12/2017DOI10.1080/00288330.2011.579981URLhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/recor.....208c44fafdee432091ef98c96Keywordsbacteriumcommunity compositioncyanobacteriumgeneheterotrophymicrobial communitymitochondrial DNAphotoautotrophyphylogeneticspolymerase chain reactionRNAsea ice, AntarcticaCape HallettEast AntarcticaSouthern Ocean, ArchaeaBacteria (microorganisms)BacteroidesBacteroides (class)CyanobacteriaCytophagaFlavobacteriaPosibacteriaProteobacteria, rank5Author Keywords16S rRNAAntarcticabacterial community compositionsea ice

Other

TypeArticleCitationMaas, E., Simpson, A., Martin, A., Thompson, S., Koh, E., Davy, S., Ryan, K. and O'Toole, R. (2012). Phylogenetic analyses of bacteria in sea ice at Cape Hallett, Antarctica. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 46(1): 3-12 IdentifierMaas2012Relevancerank5

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