Summer variability, winter dormancy: Lichen activity over 3

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TitleSummer variability, winter dormancy: Lichen activity over 3 years at Botany Bay, 77Â DegreesS latitude, continental AntarcticaAbstractLichens make up a major component of Antarctic vegetation; they are also poikilohydric and are metabolically active only when hydrated. Logistic constraints have meant that we have little idea of the length, timing or environmental conditions of activity periods of lichens. We present the results of a three-year monitoring of the activity of the lichen Umbilicaria aprina at Botany Bay (77Â DegreesS latitude) in the Ross Sea region, continental Antarctica. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters that allowed hydrated metabolic activity to be detected were recorded with a special fluorometer at 2- or 3-h intervals. Air and thallus temperatures and incident PPFD (photosynthetic photon flux density, Î¼mol photon m-2s-1) were also recorded at hourly intervals. Activity was extremely variable between months and years and, overall, lichen was active for 7% of the 28-month period. Spring snow cover often delayed the onset of activity. Whereas the period immediately after snow melt was often very productive, the later months, January to March, often showed low or no activity. Mean thallus temperature when active was just above zero degrees and much higher than the annual mean air temperature of -15 to -19Â DegreesC. Because major snow melts occurred when incident radiation was high, the lichen was also subjected to very high PPFD when active, often more than 2,500 Î¼mol photon m-2s-1. The major environmental stress appeared to be high light rather than low temperatures, and the variability of early season snow fall means that prediction of activity will be very difficult. Â© 2010 Springer-Verlag.Funding DetailsDFG SCHR 473/4-3; Antarctica New Zealand; IPN, Instituto PolitÃ©cnico Nacional; CTM2009-12838-C01; UCM, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; University of Waikato

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1st AuthorSchroeter, B. AuthorSchroeter, B.Green, T.Pannewitz, S.Schlensog, M.Sancho, L.Year2011JournalPolar BiologyVolume34Number1Pages13-22DOI10.1007/s00300-010-0851-7URLhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/recor.....cb7c5670b28b76ec19a15625cKeywordschlorophylldormancyenvironmental stresshydrationlichenlogisticslow temperaturemetabolismphoton flux densityphotosynthetically active radiationseasonalitysnow cover, Umbillicaria aprinaAuthor KeywordsHydrationProductivitySnow fallStress

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CitationSchroeter, B., Green, T., Pannewitz, S., Schlensog, M. and Sancho, L. (2011). Summer variability, winter dormancy: Lichen activity over 3 years at Botany Bay, 77Â DegreesS latitude, continental Antarctica. Polar Biology, 34(1):13-22

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