NIWA conducts an annual survey of Antarctic toothfish in the southern Ross Sea using long lines. The survey covers areas from the western margin of the Ross Sea to the eastern part of the Ross Ice shelf in deep water, from 500-900 m depth and is vessel based. The results of the survey are used to manage the toothfish fishery in the Ross Sea, inform how well the Ross Sea Marine Protected Area is achieving its objectives, and also feeds in to ecosystem models.