Detection and structural identification of dissolved organic

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TitleDetection and structural identification of dissolved organic matter in antarctic glacial ice at natural abundance by SPR-W5-WATERGATE 1H NMR spectroscopyAbstractDissolved organic matter (DOM) is ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems and is derived from various inputs that control its turnover. Glaciers and ice sheets are the second largest water reservoir in the global hydrologic cycle, but little is known about glacial DOM composition or contributions to biogeochemical cycling. Here we employ SPR-W5-WATERGATE 1H NMR spectroscopy to elucidate and quantify the chemical structures of DOM constituents in Antarctic glacial ice as they exist in their natural state (average DOC of 8 mg/L) without isolation or preconcentration. This Antarctic glacial DOM is predominantly composed of a mixture of small recognizable molecules differing from DOM in marine, lacustrine, and other terrestrial environments. The major constituents detected in three distinct types of glacial ice include lactic and formic acid, free amino acids, and a mixture of simple sugars and amino sugars with concentrations that vary between ice types. The detection of free amino acid and amino sugar monomer components of peptidoglycan within the ice suggests that Antarctic glacial DOM likely originates from in situ microbial activity. As these constituents are normally considered to be biologically labile (fast cycling) in nonglacial environments, accelerated glacier melt and runoff may result in a flux of nutrients into adjacent ecosystems. Â© 2011 American Chemical Society.

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1st AuthorPautler, B. AuthorPautler, B.Simpson, A.Simpson, M.Tseng, L.-H.Spraul, M.Dubnick, A.Sharp, M.Fitzsimons, S.Year2011JournalEnvironmental Science and TechnologyVolume45Number11Pages4710-4717DOI10.1021/es200697cURLhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/recor.....db24a61d982f6a09e759fd018KeywordsAquatic ecosystemBiogeochemical cyclingChemical structureDissolved organic mattersFast cyclingFree amino acidsGlacial iceH NMR spectroscopyHydrologic cyclesIce sheetIce typeIn-situMicrobial activitiesNatural abundancePeptidoglycansPre-concentrationStructural identificationTerrestrial environmentsWater reservoir, AminesAmino acidsAmino sugarsBiogeochemistryEcosystemsFormic acidGlacial geologyGlaciersIce controlNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyReservoirs (water), Ice, amino acidaminosugardissolved organic matterformic acidlactic acidpeptidoglycansugar, amino acidaquatic ecosystembiogeochemical cyclechemical compositionconcentration (composition)detection methoddissolved organic matterformic acidhydrological cycleice sheetidentification methodmicrobial activitynuclear magnetic resonancepeptidereservoirrunoffsugar, Antarcticaarticlebiodiversitychemical compositionchemical structureconcentration (parameters)controlled studyecosystemglacierland biomemarine environmentmicrobial activitynonhumanproton nuclear magnetic resonanceSPR W5 WATERGATE proton nuclear magnetic resonancewatershed, Antarctic RegionsIce CoverMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyOrganic Chemicals, Antarctica

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CitationPautler, B., Simpson, A., Simpson, M., Tseng, L.-H., Spraul, M., Dubnick, A., Sharp, M. and Fitzsimons, S. (2011). Detection and structural identification of dissolved organic matter in antarctic glacial ice at natural abundance by SPR-W5-WATERGATE 1H NMR spectroscopy. Environmental Science and Technology, 45(11):4710-4717